PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 LABEL_REVISION_NOTE = " For New Horizons, this LABEL_REVISION_NOTE is used to keep track of when the template is used to generate a DATASET.CAT file for a data set. - Publication date: 2019-10-18 - NH-internal archive software version: V2.0 " RECORD_TYPE = STREAM INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "NEW HORIZONS" OBJECT = DATA_SET DATA_SET_ID = "NH-A-PEPSSI-3-KEM1-V2.0" OBJECT = DATA_SET_INFORMATION START_TIME = 2018-08-14T20:08:02.011 STOP_TIME = 2019-01-30T00:08:02.176 DATA_SET_DESC = " Data Set Overview ================= This data set contains Calibrated data taken by the New Horizons Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation instrument during the KEM1 ENCOUNTER mission phase. PEPSSI (Pluto Energetic Particles Spectrometer Science Investigation) is a particle telescope and a time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer that measures ions and electrons over a broad range of energies and angles. Particle composition and energy spectra are measured for H to Fe from ~ 30 keV to ~1 MeV (but not all species are uniquely separated) and for electrons from ~30 keV to 700 keV. PEPSSI comprises a time-of-flight (TOF) section and a solid-state detector (SSD) array that measures particle energy. The combination of measured energy and TOF provides unique particle identification by mass and particle energy depending on the range: for protons from ~30 keV to ~1 MeV; for heavy (CNO) ions from ~80 keV to ~1 MeV. Lower-energy (>3 keV) ion fluxes are measured by TOF only, but without the SSD signal, providing velocity spectra at these energies as well. Due to storage and bandwidth limitations, all event data cannot be stored or telemetered to the ground. Instead, a round-robin algorithm is used to save Energy, TOF, and timing data for select events. The common data products contain these event and summary measurements, accumulated over fixed periods of 86,400 seconds, with each period in a single file comprising multiple binary tables. The documentation provided with this data set describes the data format. For a list of observations, refer to the data set index table. This is typically INDEX.TAB initially in the INDEX/ area of the data set. There is also a file SLIMINDX.TAB in INDEX/ that summarizes key information relevant to each observation, including which sequence was in effect and what target was likely intended for the observation. Version ======= This is VERSION 2.0 of this data set. This version includes data acquired by the spacecraft between 08/14/2018 and 01/31/2019. It only includes data downlinked before 02/01/2019. Future datasets may include more data acquired by the spacecraft after 08/13/2018 but downlinked after 01/31/2019. Two digits of precision have also been added to the EXPOSURE_DURATION value in all data labels after V1.0. In VERSION 2.0 there are a combination of data gaps and a lot of attitude changes by the spacecraft (as New Horizons did a lot of communication leading up to MU69). The Low Ions are sensitive to our attitude wrt the solar wind. General statement about data set versions after V1.0 ---------------------------------------------------- The pipeline (see Processing below) was re-run on these data for each version since the first (V1.0). A pipeline rerun usually changes the FITS headers but not the FITS data of raw data sets. In some cases calibrated FITS data may change because the calculated geometry of an observation has changed. See data set version-specific sections below for significant exceptions to this general statement, i.e. changes to pipeline processing, calibration processing, and data delivered. Note that even if this is not a calibrated data set, calibration changes are listed as the data will have been re-run and there will be updates to the calibration files, to the documentation (Science Operations Center - Instrument Interface Control Document: SOC_INST_ICD) and to the steps required to calibrate the data. Processing ========== The data in this data set were created by a software data processing pipeline on the Science Operations Center (SOC) at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), Department of Space Operations. This SOC pipeline assembled data as FITS files from raw telemetry packets sent down by the spacecraft and populated the data labels with housekeeping and engineering values, and computed geometry parameters using SPICE kernels. The pipeline did not resample the data. Data ==== The observations in this data set are stored in data files using standard Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) format. Each FITS file has a corresponding detached PDS label file, named according to a common convention. The FITS files may have image and/or table extensions. See the PDS label plus the DOCUMENT files for a description of these extensions and their contents. This Data section comprises the following sub-topics: - Filename/Product IDs - Instrument description - Other sources of information useful in interpreting these Data - Visit Description, Visit Number, and Target in the Data Labels Filename/Product IDs -------------------- The filenames and product IDs of observations adhere to a common convention e.g. PEP_0123456789_0X691_ENG.FIT ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^\__/ | | | | ^^ | | | | | | | | | +--File type (includes dot) | | | | - .FIT for FITS file | | | | - .LBL for PDS label | | | | - not part of product ID | | | | | | | +--ENG for CODMAC Level 2 data | | | SCI for CODMAC Level 3 data | | | | | +--Application ID (ApID) of the telemetry data | | packet from which the data come | | N.B. ApIDs are case-insensitive | | | +--MET (Mission Event Time) i.e. Spacecraft Clock | +--Instrument designator Note that, depending on the observation, the MET in the data filename and in the Product ID may be similar to the Mission Event Time (MET) of the actual observation acquisition, but should not be used as an analog for the acquisition time. The MET is the time that the data are transferred from the instrument to spacecraft memory and is therefore not a reliable indicator of the actual observation time. The PDS label and the index tables are better sources to use for the actual timing of any observation. The specific keywords and index table column names for which to look are * START_TIME * STOP_TIME * SPACECRAFT_CLOCK_START_COUNT * SPACECRAFT_CLOCK_STOP_COUNT Instrument Instrument designators ApIDs ** =========== ================================== ============= PEPSSI PEP 0X691 - 0X698 * * Not all values in this range are in this data set ** ApIDs are case insensitive There are other ApIDs that contain housekeeping values and other values. See SOC Instrument ICD (/DOCUMENT/SOC_INST_ICD.*) for more details. Here is a summary of the types of files generated by each ApID (N.B. ApIDs are case-insensitive) along with the instrument designator that go with each ApID: ApIDs Data product description/Prefix(es) ===== =================================== 0x691 - PEPSSI High Priority Science (long integration) 0x692 - PEPSSI Medium Priority Science (short integration) 0x693 - PEPSSI Low Priority Science (Up to 500 PHA events) 0x694 - PEPSSI Low Priority Science (Up to 500 PHA events) 0x695 - PEPSSI High Priority Science Diagnostic Mode data 0x696 - PEPSSI Medium Priority Science Diagnostic Mode data 0x697 - PEPSSI Diagnostic Mode Event data 0x698 - PEPSSI Diagnostic Mode Event data For historical reasons, PEPSSI products always use an ApID of '0x691' in the filename. Each product actually contains all the data types (ApIDs) available for that day. ApIDs '0x693' and '0x694' are combined during ground processing. So are ApIDs '0x697' and '0x698'. Instrument description ---------------------- Refer to the following files for a description of this instrument. CATALOG PEPSSI.CAT DOCUMENTS PEPSSI_SSR.* SOC_INST_ICD.* NH_PEPSSI_V###_TI.TXT (### is a version number) Other sources of information useful in interpreting these Data -------------------------------------------------------------- Refer to the following files for more information about these data NH Trajectory tables: /DOCUMENT/NH_MISSION_TRAJECTORY.* - Heliocentric PEPSSI Field Of View definitions: /DOCUMENT/NH_FOV.* /DOCUMENT/NH_PEPSSI_V###_TI.TXT Visit Description, Visit Number, and Target in the Data Labels --------------------------------------------------------------- The observation sequences were defined in Science Activity Planning (SAP) documents, and grouped by Visit Description and Visit Number. The SAPs are spreadsheets with one Visit Description & Number per row. A nominal target is also included on each row and included in the data labels, but does not always match with the TARGET_NAME field's value in the data labels. In some cases, the target was designated as RA,DEC pointing values in the form ``RADEC=123.45,-12.34'' indicating Right Ascension and Declination, in degrees, of the target from the spacecraft in the Earth Equatorial J2000 inertial reference frame. This indicates that either the target was a star, or the target's ephemeris was not loaded into the spacecraft's attitude and control system which in turn meant the spacecraft could not be pointed at the target by a body identifier and an inertial pointing value had to be specified as Right Ascension and Declination values. PDS-SBN practices do not allow putting a value like RADEC=... in the PDS TARGET_NAME keyword's value. In those cases the PDS TARGET_NAME value is set to CALIBRATION. TARGET_NAME may be N/A (Not Available or Not Applicable) for a few observations in this data set; typically that means the observation is a functional test so N/A is an appropriate entry for those targets, but the PDS user should also check the NEWHORIZONS:OBSERVATION_DESC and NEWHORIZONS:SEQUENCE_ID keywords in the PDS label, plus the provided sequence list (see Ancillary Data below) to assess the possibility that there was an intended target. These two keywords are especially useful for STAR targets as often stars are used as part of instrument calibrations, and are included as part of the sequencing description which is captured in these keywords. Ancillary Data ============== The geometry items included in the data labels were computed using the SPICE kernels archived in the New Horizons SPICE data set, NH-J/P/SS-SPICE-6-V1.0. Every observation provided in this data set was taken as a part of a particular sequence. A list of these sequences has been provided in file DOCUMENT/SEQ_PEPSSI_*.TAB. In addition, the sequence identifier (ID) and description are included in the PDS label for every observation. N.B. While every observation has an associated sequence, every sequence may not have associated observations. Some sequences may have failed to execute due to spacecraft events (e.g. safing). No attempt has been made during the preparation of this data set to identify such empty sequences, so it is up to the user to compare the times of the sequences to the times of the available observations from INDEX/INDEX.TAB to identify such sequences. Time ==== There are several time systems, or units, in use in this dataset: New Horizons spacecraft MET (Mission Event Time or Mission Elapsed Time), UTC (Coordinated Universal Time), and TDB Barycentric Dynamical Time. This section will give a summary description of the relationship between these time systems. For a complete explanation of these time systems the reader is referred to the documentation distributed with the Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF) SPICE toolkit from the PDS NAIF node, (see http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/). The most common time unit associated with the data is the spacecraft MET. MET is a 32-bit counter on the New Horizons spacecraft that runs at a rate of about one increment per second starting from a value of zero at 19.January, 2006 18:08:02 UTC or JD2453755.256337 TDB. The leapsecond adjustment (DELTA_ET = ET - UTC) was 65.184s at NH launch, and the first four additional leapseconds occurred in at the ends of 12/2009, 06/2012, 06/2015, and 12/2016. Refer to the NH SPICE data set, NH-J/P/SS-SPICE-6-V1.0, and the SPICE toolkit documentation, for more details about leapseconds. The data labels for any given product in this dataset usually contain at least one pair of common UTC and MET representations of the time at the middle of the observation. Other portions of the products, for example tables of data taken over periods of up to a day or more, will only have the MET time associated with a given row of the table. For the data user's use in interpreting these times, a reasonable approximation (+/- 1s) of the conversion between Julian Day (TDB) and MET is as follows: JD TDB = 2453755.256337 + ( MET / 86399.9998693 ) For more accurate calculations the reader is referred to the NAIF/SPICE documentation as mentioned above. Reference Frame =============== Geometric Parameter Reference Frame ----------------------------------- Earth Mean Equator and Vernal Equinox of J2000 (EMEJ2000) is the inertial reference frame used to specify observational geometry items provided in the data labels. Geometric parameters are based on best available SPICE data at time of data creation. Epoch of Geometric Parameters ----------------------------- All geometric parameters provided in the data labels were computed at the epoch midway between the START_TIME and STOP_TIME label fields. Software ======== The observations in this data set are in standard FITS format with PDS labels, and can be viewed by a number of PDS-provided and commercial programs. For this reason no special software is provided with this data set. Contact Information =================== For any questions regarding the data format of the archive, contact New Horizons PEPSSI Principal Investigator: Ralph McNutt, Jr. Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Space Department 11100 Johns Hopkins Road Room MP3-E116 Laurel, MD 20723 USA " CONFIDENCE_LEVEL_NOTE = " Confidence Level Overview ========================= During the processing of the data in preparation for delivery with this volume, the packet data associated with each observation were used only if they passed a rigorous verification process including standard checksums. In addition, raw (Level 2) observation data for which adequate contemporary housekeeping and other ancillary data are not available may not be reduced to calibrated (Level 3) data. This issue is raised here to explain why some data products in the raw data set, NH-A-PEPSSI-2-KEM1-V2.0, may not have corresponding data products in the calibrated data set, NH-A-PEPSSI-3-KEM1-V2.0. Data coverage and quality ========================= Every observation provided in this data set was taken as a part of a particular sequence. Refer to the Confidence Level Overview section above for a summary of steps taken to assure data quality. For PEPSSI, electron detector channels are dominated by cosmic rays in post-Jupiter mission phases. The PEPSSI data are considered suspect for the first forty minutes after an instrument power-on event, called a Bad Time Interval (BTI); this file lists those time windows. The entire Post-launch commissioning mission phase is also considered a BTI. See the Science Operations Center - Instrument Interface Control Document (ICD - found at DOCUMENT/SOC_INST_ICD*.*) and the BTI TABLE file for more detail. The PEPSSI Time Of Flight only (TOF-only) Pulse Height Analysis (PHA) event data may show differences in the 'N2 data' and 'N3 data' taken simultaneously but using different collection algorithms. Refer to the instrument description in the PEPSSI instrument catalog (PEPSSI.CAT) under 'Data sampling and priority for TOF-only data' in the 'Operational modes' section. Some subset of the PHA event data is noise or other instrumental artifacts. PHA events with parameters outside the stated instrument sensitivity limits (see the SPECIFICATIONS section in the PEPSSI instrument catalog file) should be ignored, or, at the very least, used with extreme caution. It should be noted that the Primary HDU and the first 5 extension HDUs (the Image HDUs containing spectrograms) of the level 3 data are 'quick-look' or 'browse' products only. They are constructed with one minute averages for the whole mission, so that, if the data collection period (the DT in the table in the FLUX extension) is not an even multiple or factor of 1 minute, the spectrogram image will exhibit aliasing artifacts. Further, the second extension, the Helium spectrogram includes the Alpha source channels (see above). In short, the Image HDUs in the level 3 data are not for scientific use but for browsing or quick-look purposes and for researchers to determine if they are able to correctly read the data in the table extensions. Please see the 'Data Validity' section of PEPSSI.CAT for details regarding information on channels which should be excluded from analysis. Observation descriptions in this data set catalog ================================================= Some users will expect to find descriptions of the observations in this data set here, in this Confidence Level Note. This data set follows the more common convention of placing those descriptions under the Data Set Description (above, if the user is reading this in the DATASET.CAT file) of this data set catalog. Caveat about TARGET_NAME in PDS labels and observational intent =============================================================== The downlink team on New Horizons has created an automated system to take various uplink products, decode things like Chebyshev polynomials in command sequences representing celestial body ephemerides for use on the spacecraft to control pointing, and infer from those data what the most likely intended target was at any time during the mission. This works well during flyby encounters and less so during cruise phases and hibernation. The user of these PDS data needs to be cautious when using the TARGET_NAME and other target-related parameters stored in this data set. This is less an issue for the plasma and particle instruments, more so for pointing instruments. To this end, the heliocentric ephemeris of the spacecraft, the spacecraft-relative ephemeris of the inferred target, and the inertial attitude of the instrument reference frame are provided with all data, in the J2000 inertial reference frame, so the user can check where that target is in the Field Of View (FOV) of the instrument. Finally, note that, within the FITS headers of the data products, the sequence tables, and other NH Project-internal documents used in this data set and/or inserted into the data set catalog, informal names are often used for targets instead of the canonical names required for the TARGET_NAME keyword. For example, during the Pluto mission phase, instead of the TARGET_NAME '15810 ARAWN (1994 JR1)' there might be found any of the following: 1994JR1; 1994 JR1; JR1. For all values where the PDS keyword TARGET_NAME is used (e.g. in PDS labels and in index tables), the canonical, PDS-approved names are used (if not, please bring this to the attention of PDS so it can be rectified). However, within the context of this data set, these project abbreviations are not ambiguous (e.g. there is only one NH target with 'JR1' in its name), so there has been, and will be, no attempt to expand such abbreviations where they occur outside formal PDS keyword values. Review ====== This dataset was peer reviewed and certified for scientific use by the PDS. " ABSTRACT_DESC = " This data set contains Calibrated data taken by the New Horizons Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation instrument during the KEM1 ENCOUNTER mission phase. This is VERSION 2.0 of this data set. This data set contains data acquired by the spacecraft between 08/14/2018 and 01/31/2019. It only includes data downlinked before 02/01/2019. Future datasets may include more data acquired by the spacecraft after 08/13/2018 but downlinked after 01/31/2019. This dataset contains PEPSSI Plasma Rolls and approach and departure observations. " CITATION_DESC = " McNutt, R. Jr., NEW HORIZONS CALIBRATED PEPSSI KEM1 V2.0, NH-A-PEPSSI-3-KEM1-V2.0, NASA Planetary Data System, 2020. " DATA_OBJECT_TYPE = { TABLE, IMAGE } DATA_SET_COLLECTION_MEMBER_FLG = "N" DATA_SET_NAME = "NEW HORIZONS PEPSSI KEM1 CALIBRATED V2.0" DATA_SET_RELEASE_DATE = 2019-10-18 DATA_SET_TERSE_DESC = " Calibrated data taken by New Horizons Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation instrument during the KEM1 ENCOUNTER mission phase. This is VERSION 2.0 of this data set. " DETAILED_CATALOG_FLAG = "N" PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JILLIAN REDFERN" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_MISSION MISSION_NAME = "NEW HORIZONS KUIPER BELT EXTENDED MISSION" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_MISSION OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION REFERENCE_KEY_ID = "N/A" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_REFERENCE_INFORMATION OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET TARGET_NAME = "SOLAR WIND" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_TARGET OBJECT = DATA_SET_HOST INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = "NH" INSTRUMENT_ID = "PEPSSI" END_OBJECT = DATA_SET_HOST END_OBJECT = DATA_SET END